Aggregates refer to materials such as crushed stone, sand, and ores used in construction projects such as concrete, asphalt, and road construction. These ores are produced through processes like mining, crushing, screening, and washing. Different projects and scenarios have varying size and strength requirements for aggregates, leading to the development of aggregate grading. Aggregate grading standards are established to ensure the desired physical and engineering properties are achieved in different engineering applications. Here are common aggregate grading standards:

Coarse Aggregate: Common particle size range: typically from 4.75 millimeters to 75 millimeters. Usage: mainly used in concrete mixing to provide strength and durability. Grading standards: Coarse aggregates are typically graded based on particle size, such as 10 millimeters, 20 millimeters, etc., to meet specific project requirements.

Fine Aggregate: Common particle size range: typically smaller than 4.75 millimeters. Usage: primarily used in the fine portion of concrete to provide workability and flowability. Grading standards: Fine aggregates are also graded based on particle size, with categories such as fine sand, medium sand, and coarse sand, depending on particle size.

Intermediate Aggregate: Particle size falls between coarse and fine aggregates. Usage: used in specific concrete mixtures to adjust workability and strength.

All-in Aggregate: Includes aggregates of various particle sizes without further grading. Typically used for base fill or road construction applications.

Aggregate grading standards are usually established based on engineering needs and specifications to ensure that construction materials like concrete or asphalt meet the required performance criteria for various engineering projects. These standards also help ensure the quality and consistency of construction materials to meet the requirements of engineering design and construction.

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